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运yun命ming论lun

夫fu治zhi乱luan，运yun也ye；穷qiong达da，命ming也ye；贵gui贱jian，时shi也ye。故gu运yun之zhi将jiang隆long，必bi生sheng圣sheng明ming之zhi君jun。圣sheng明ming之zhi君jun，必bi有you忠zhong贤xian之zhi臣chen。其qi所suo以yi相xiang遇yu也ye，不bu求qiu而er自zi合he；其qi所suo以yi相xiang亲qin也ye，不bu介jie而er自zi亲qin。唱chang之zhi而er必bi和he，谋mou之zhi而er必bi从cong，道dao德de玄xuan同tong，曲qu折zhe合he符fu，得de失shi不bu能neng疑yi其qi志zhi，谗chan构gou不bu能neng离li其qi交jiao，然ran后hou得de成cheng功gong也ye。其qi所suo以yi得de然ran者zhe，岂qi徒tu人ren事shi哉zai？授shou之zhi者zhe天tian也ye，告gao之zhi者zhe神shen也ye，成cheng之zhi者zhe运yun也ye。夫fu黄huang河he清qing而er圣sheng人ren生sheng，里li社she鸣ming而er圣sheng人ren出chu，群qun龙long见jian而er圣sheng人ren用yong。故gu伊yi尹yin，有you莘xin氏shi之zhi媵ying臣chen也ye，而er阿a衡heng于yu商shang。太tai公gong，渭wei滨bin之zhi贱jian老lao也ye，而er尚shang父fu于yu周zhou。百bai里li奚xi在zai虞yu而er虞yu亡wang，在zai秦qin而er秦qin霸ba，非fei不bu才cai于yu虞yu而er才cai于yu秦qin也ye。张zhang良liang受shou黄huang石shi之zhi符fu，诵song三san略lue之zhi说shuo，以yi游you于yu群qun雄xiong，其qi言yan也ye，如ru以yi水shui投tou石shi，莫mo之zhi受shou也ye；及ji其qi遭zao汉han祖zu，其qi言yan也ye，如ru以yi石shi投tou水shui，莫mo之zhi逆ni也ye。非fei张zhang良liang之zhi拙zhuo说shuo于yu陈chen项xiang，而er巧qiao言yan于yu沛pei公gong也ye。然ran则ze张zhang良liang之zhi言yan一yi也ye，不bu识shi其qi所suo以yi合he离li？合he离li之zhi由you，神shen明ming之zhi道dao也ye。故gu彼bi四si贤xian者zhe，名ming载zai于yu箓lu图tu，事shi应ying乎hu天tian人ren，其qi可ke格ge之zhi贤xian愚yu哉zai？孔kong子zi曰yue：“清qing明ming在zai躬gong，气qi志zhi如ru神shen。嗜shi欲yu将jiang至zhi，有you开kai必bi先xian。天tian降jiang时shi雨yu，山shan川chuan出chu云yun。”诗shi云yun：“惟wei岳yue降jiang神shen，生sheng甫fu及ji申shen；惟wei申shen及ji甫fu，惟wei周zhou之zhi翰han。”运yun命ming之zhi谓wei也ye。岂qi惟wei兴xing主zhu，乱luan亡wang者zhe亦yi如ru之zhi焉yan。幽you王wang之zhi惑huo褒bao女nv也ye，祅yao始shi于yu夏xia庭ting。曹cao伯bo阳yang之zhi获huo公gong孙sun强qiang也ye，征zheng发fa于yu社she宫gong。叔shu孙sun豹bao之zhi昵ni竖shu牛niu也ye，祸huo成cheng于yu庚geng宗zong。吉ji凶xiong成cheng败bai，各ge以yi数shu至zhi。咸xian皆jie不bu求qiu而er自zi合he，不bu介jie而er自zi亲qin矣yi。昔xi者zhe，圣sheng人ren受shou命ming河he洛luo曰yue：以yi文wen命ming者zhe，七qi九jiu而er衰shuai；以yi武wu兴xing者zhe，六liu八ba而er谋mou。及ji成cheng王wang定ding鼎ding于yu郏jia鄏ru，卜bo世shi三san十shi，卜bo年nian七qi百bai，天tian所suo命ming也ye。故gu自zi幽you厉li之zhi间jian，周zhou道dao大da坏huai，二er霸ba之zhi后hou，礼li乐le陵ling迟chi。文wen薄bao之zhi弊bi，渐jian于yu灵ling景jing；辩bian诈zha之zhi伪wei，成cheng于yu七qi国guo。酷ku烈lie之zhi极ji，积ji于yu亡wang秦qin；文wen章zhang之zhi贵gui，弃qi于yu汉han祖zu。虽sui仲zhong尼ni至zhi圣sheng，颜yan冉ran大da贤xian，揖yi让rang于yu规gui矩ju之zhi内nei，訚yin訚yin于yu洙zhu、泗si之zhi上shang，不bu能neng遏e其qi端duan；孟meng轲ke、孙sun卿qing体ti二er希xi圣sheng，从cong容rong正zheng道dao，不bu能neng维wei其qi末mo，天tian下xia卒zu至zhi于yu溺ni而er不bu可ke援yuan。夫fu以yi仲zhong尼ni之zhi才cai也ye，而er器qi不bu周zhou于yu鲁lu卫wei；以yi仲zhong尼ni之zhi辩bian也ye，而er言yan不bu行xing于yu定ding哀ai；以yi仲zhong尼ni之zhi谦qian也ye，而er见jian忌ji于yu子zi西xi；以yi仲zhong尼ni之zhi仁ren也ye，而er取qu仇chou于yu桓huan魋tui；以yi仲zhong尼ni之zhi智zhi也ye，而er屈qu厄e于yu陈chen蔡cai；以yi仲zhong尼ni之zhi行xing也ye，而er招zhao毁hui于yu叔shu孙sun。夫fu道dao足zu以yi济ji天tian下xia，而er不bu得de贵gui于yu人ren；言yan足zu以yi经jing万wan世shi，而er不bu见jian信xin于yu时shi；行xing足zu以yi应ying神shen明ming，而er不bu能neng弥mi纶lun于yu俗su；应ying聘pin七qi十shi国guo，而er不bu一yi获huo其qi主zhu；驱qu骤zhou于yu蛮man夏xia之zhi域yu，屈qu辱ru于yu公gong卿qing之zhi门men，其qi不bu遇yu也ye如ru此ci。及ji其qi孙sun子zi思si，希xi圣sheng备bei体ti，而er未wei之zhi至zhi，封feng己ji养yang高gao，势shi动dong人ren主zhu。其qi所suo游you历li诸zhu侯hou，莫mo不bu结jie驷si而er造zao门men；虽sui造zao门men犹you有you不bu得de宾bin者zhe焉yan。其qi徒tu子zi夏xia，升sheng堂tang而er未wei入ru于yu室shi者zhe也ye。退tui老lao于yu家jia，魏wei文wen候hou师shi之zhi，西xi河he之zhi人ren肃su然ran归gui德de，比bi之zhi于yu夫fu子zi而er莫mo敢gan间jian其qi言yan。故gu曰yue：治zhi乱luan，运yun也ye；穷qiong达da，命ming也ye；贵gui贱jian，时shi也ye。而er后hou之zhi君jun子zi，区qu区qu于yu一yi主zhu，叹tan息xi于yu一yi朝chao。屈qu原yuan以yi之zhi沈shen湘xiang，贾jia谊yi以yi之zhi发fa愤fen，不bu亦yi过guo乎hu！然ran则ze圣sheng人ren所suo以yi为wei圣sheng者zhe，盖gai在zai乎hu乐le天tian知zhi命ming矣yi。故gu遇yu之zhi而er不bu怨yuan，居ju之zhi而er不bu疑yi也ye。其qi身shen可ke抑yi，而er道dao不bu可ke屈qu；其qi位wei可ke排pai，而er名ming不bu可ke夺duo。譬pi如ru水shui也ye，通tong之zhi斯si为wei川chuan焉yan，塞sai之zhi斯si为wei渊yuan焉yan，升sheng之zhi于yu云yun则ze雨yu施shi，沈shen之zhi于yu地di则ze土tu润run。体ti清qing以yi洗xi物wu，不bu乱luan于yu浊zhuo；受shou浊zhuo以yi济ji物wu，不bu伤shang于yu清qing。是shi以yi圣sheng人ren处chu穷qiong达da如ru一yi也ye。夫fu忠zhong直zhi之zhi迕wu于yu主zhu，独du立li之zhi负fu于yu俗su，理li势shi然ran也ye。故gu木mu秀xiu于yu林lin，风feng必bi摧cui之zhi；堆dui出chu于yu岸an，流liu必bi湍tuan之zhi；行xing高gao于yu人ren，众zhong必bi非fei之zhi。前qian监jian不bu远yuan，覆fu车che继ji轨gui。然ran而er志zhi士shi仁ren人ren，犹you蹈dao之zhi而er弗fu悔hui，操cao之zhi而er弗fu失shi，何he哉zai？将jiang以yi遂sui志zhi而er成cheng名ming也ye。求qiu遂sui其qi志zhi，而er冒mao风feng波bo于yu险xian涂tu；求qiu成cheng其qi名ming，而er历li谤bang议yi于yu当dang时shi。彼bi所suo以yi处chu之zhi，盖gai有you算suan矣yi。子zi夏xia曰yue：“死si生sheng有you命ming，富fu贵gui在zai天tian”故gu道dao之zhi将jiang行xing也ye，命ming之zhi将jiang贵gui也ye，则ze伊yi尹yin吕lv尚shang之zhi兴xing于yu商shang周zhou，百bai里li子zi房fang之zhi用yong于yu秦qin汉han，不bu求qiu而er自zi得de，不bu徼jiao而er自zi遇yu矣yi。道dao之zhi将jiang废fei也ye，命ming之zhi将jiang贱jian也ye，岂qi独du君jun子zi耻chi之zhi而er弗fu为wei乎hu？盖gai亦yi知zhi为wei之zhi而er弗fu得de矣yi。凡fan希xi世shi苟gou合he之zhi士shi，蘧qu蒢chu戚qi之zhi人ren，俛mian仰yang尊zun贵gui之zhi颜yan，逶wei迤yi势shi利li之zhi间jian，意yi无wu是shi非fei，赞zan之zhi如ru流liu；言yan无wu可ke否fou，应ying之zhi如ru响xiang。以yi窥kui看kan为wei精jing神shen，以yi向xiang背bei为wei变bian通tong。势shi之zhi所suo集ji，从cong之zhi如ru归gui市shi；势shi之zhi所suo去qu，弃qi之zhi如ru脱tuo遗yi。其qi言yan曰yue：名ming与yu身shen孰shu亲qin也ye？得de与yu失shi孰shu贤xian也ye？荣rong与yu辱ru孰shu珍zhen也ye？故gu遂sui絜xie其qi衣yi服fu，矜jin其qi车che徒tu，冒mao其qi货huo贿hui，淫yin其qi声sheng色se，脉mai脉mai然ran自zi以yi为wei得de矣yi。盖gai见jian龙long逢feng、比bi干gan之zhi亡wang其qi身shen，而er不bu惟wei飞fei廉lian、恶e来lai之zhi灭mie其qi族zu也ye。盖gai知zhi伍wu子zi胥xu之zhi属shu镂lou于yu吴wu，而er不bu戒jie费fei无wu忌ji之zhi诛zhu夷yi于yu楚chu也ye。盖gai讥ji汲ji黯an之zhi白bai首shou于yu主zhu爵jue，而er不bu惩cheng张zhang汤tang牛niu车che之zhi祸huo也ye。盖gai笑xiao萧xiao望wang之zhi跋ba踬zhi于yu前qian，而er不bu惧ju石shi显xian之zhi绞jiao缢yi于yu后hou也ye。故gu夫fu达da者zhe之zhi筭suan也ye，亦yi各ge有you尽jin矣yi。曰yue：凡fan人ren之zhi所suo以yi奔ben竞jing于yu富fu贵gui，何he为wei者zhe哉zai？若ruo夫fu立li德de必bi须xu贵gui乎hu？则ze幽you厉li之zhi为wei天tian子zi，不bu如ru仲zhong尼ni之zhi为wei陪pei臣chen也ye。必bi须xu势shi乎hu？则ze王wang莽mang、董dong贤xian之zhi为wei三san公gong，不bu如ru杨yang雄xiong、仲zhong舒shu之zhi阒qu其qi门men也ye。必bi须xu富fu乎hu？则ze齐qi景jing之zhi千qian驷si，不bu如ru颜yan回hui、原yuan宪xian之zhi约yue其qi身shen也ye。其qi为wei实shi乎hu？则ze执zhi杓biao而er饮yin河he者zhe，不bu过guo满man腹fu；弃qi室shi而er洒sa雨yu者zhe，不bu过guo濡ru身shen；过guo此ci以yi往wang，弗fu能neng受shou也ye。其qi为wei名ming乎hu？则ze善shan恶e书shu于yu史shi册ce，毁hui誉yu流liu于yu千qian载zai；赏shang罚fa悬xuan于yu天tian道dao，吉ji凶xiong灼zhuo乎hu鬼gui神shen，固gu可ke畏wei也ye。将jiang以yi娱yu耳er目mu、乐le心xin意yi乎hu？譬pi命ming驾jia而er游you五wu都du之zhi市shi，则ze天tian下xia之zhi货huo毕bi陈chen矣yi。褰qian裳shang而er涉she汶wen阳yang之zhi丘qiu，则ze天tian下xia之zhi稼jia如ru云yun矣yi。椎zhui紒ji而er守shou敖ao庾yu、海hai陵ling之zhi仓cang，则ze山shan坻di之zhi积ji在zai前qian矣yi。扱cha衽ren而er登deng钟zhong山shan、蓝lan田tian之zhi上shang，则ze夜ye光guang玙yu璠fan之zhi珍zhen可ke观guan矣yi。夫fu如ru是shi也ye，为wei物wu甚shen众zhong，为wei己ji甚shen寡gua，不bu爱ai其qi身shen，而er啬se其qi神shen。风feng惊jing尘chen起qi，散san而er不bu止zhi。六liu疾ji待dai其qi前qian，五wu刑xing随sui其qi后hou。利li害hai生sheng其qi左zuo，攻gong夺duo出chu其qi右you，而er自zi以yi为wei见jian身shen名ming之zhi亲qin疏shu，分fen荣rong辱ru之zhi客ke主zhu哉zai。天tian地di之zhi大da德de曰yue生sheng，圣sheng人ren之zhi大da宝bao曰yue位wei，何he以yi守shou位wei曰yue仁ren，何he以yi正zheng人ren曰yue义yi。故gu古gu之zhi王wang者zhe，盖gai以yi一yi人ren治zhi天tian下xia，不bu以yi天tian下xia奉feng一yi人ren也ye。古gu之zhi仕shi者zhe，盖gai以yi官guan行xing其qi义yi，不bu以yi利li冒mao其qi官guan也ye。古gu之zhi君jun子zi，盖gai耻chi得de之zhi而er弗fu能neng治zhi也ye，不bu耻chi能neng治zhi而er弗fu得de也ye。原yuan乎hu天tian人ren之zhi性xing，核he乎hu邪xie正zheng之zhi分fen，权quan乎hu祸huo福fu之zhi门men，终zhong乎hu荣rong辱ru之zhi算suan，其qi昭zhao然ran矣yi。故gu君jun子zi舍she彼bi取qu此ci。若ruo夫fu出chu处chu不bu违wei其qi时shi，默mo语yu不bu失shi其qi人ren，天tian动dong星xing回hui而er辰chen极ji犹you居ju其qi所suo，玑ji旋xuan轮lun转zhuan，而er衡heng轴zhou犹you执zhi其qi中zhong，既ji明ming且qie哲zhe，以yi保bao其qi身shen，贻yi厥jue孙sun谋mou，以yi燕yan翼yi子zi者zhe，昔xi吾wu先xian友you，尝chang从cong事shi于yu斯si矣yi。

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李康简介

魏晋·李康的简介

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