《劝学》拼音版

劝quan学xue

君jun子zi曰yue：学xue不bu可ke以yi已yi。青qing，取qu之zhi于yu蓝lan，而er青qing于yu蓝lan；冰bing，水shui为wei之zhi，而er寒han于yu水shui。木mu直zhi中zhong绳sheng，輮rou以yi为wei轮lun，其qi曲qu中zhong规gui。虽sui有you槁gao暴bao（ppùù），不bu复fu挺ting者zhe，輮rou使shi之zhi然ran也ye。故gu木mu受shou绳sheng则ze直zhi，金jin就jiu砺li则ze利li，君jun子zi博bo学xue而er日ri参can省sheng乎hu己ji，则ze知zhi明ming而er行xing无wu过guo矣yi。故gu不bu登deng高gao山shan，不bu知zhi天tian之zhi高gao也ye；不bu临lin深shen溪xi，不bu知zhi地di之zhi厚hou也ye；不bu闻wen先xian王wang之zhi遗yi言yan，不bu知zhi学xue问wen之zhi大da也ye。干gan、越yue、夷yi、貉he之zhi子zi，生sheng而er同tong声sheng，长chang而er异yi俗su，教jiao使shi之zhi然ran也ye。诗shi曰yue：“嗟jie尔er君jun子zi，无wu恒heng安an息xi。靖jing共gong尔er位wei，好hao是shi正zheng直zhi。神shen之zhi听ting之zhi，介jie尔er景jing福fu。”神shen莫mo大da于yu化hua道dao，福fu莫mo长chang于yu无wu祸huo。吾wu尝chang终zhong日ri而er思si矣yi，不bu如ru须xu臾yu之zhi所suo学xue也ye；吾wu尝chang跂qi而er望wang矣yi，不bu如ru登deng高gao之zhi博bo见jian也ye。登deng高gao而er招zhao，臂bi非fei加jia长chang也ye，而er见jian者zhe远yuan；顺shun风feng而er呼hu，声sheng非fei加jia疾ji也ye，而er闻wen者zhe彰zhang。假jia舆yu马ma者zhe，非fei利li足zu也ye，而er致zhi千qian里li；假jia舟zhou楫ji者zhe，非fei能neng水shui也ye，而er绝jue江jiang河he。君jun子zi生sheng非fei异yi也ye，善shan假jia于yu物wu也ye。((君jun子zi生sheng通tong：性xing))南nan方fang有you鸟niao焉yan，名ming曰yue蒙meng鸠jiu，以yi羽yu为wei巢chao，而er编bian之zhi以yi发fa，系xi之zhi苇wei苕shao，风feng至zhi苕shao折zhe，卵luan破po子zi死si。巢chao非fei不bu完wan也ye，所suo系xi者zhe然ran也ye。西xi方fang有you木mu焉yan，名ming曰yue射she干gan，茎jing长chang四si寸cun，生sheng于yu高gao山shan之zhi上shang，而er临lin百bai仞ren之zhi渊yuan，木mu茎jing非fei能neng长chang也ye，所suo立li者zhe然ran也ye。蓬peng生sheng麻ma中zhong，不bu扶fu而er直zhi；白bai沙sha在zai涅nie，与yu之zhi俱ju黑hei。兰lan槐huai之zhi根gen是shi为wei芷zhi，其qi渐jian之zhi滫xiu，君jun子zi不bu近jin，庶shu人ren不bu服fu。其qi质zhi非fei不bu美mei也ye，所suo渐jian者zhe然ran也ye。故gu君jun子zi居ju必bi择ze乡xiang，游you必bi就jiu士shi，所suo以yi防fang邪xie辟bi而er近jin中zhong正zheng也ye。物wu类lei之zhi起qi，必bi有you所suo始shi。荣rong辱ru之zhi来lai，必bi象xiang其qi德de。肉rou腐fu出chu虫chong，鱼yu枯ku生sheng蠹du。怠dai慢man忘wang身shen，祸huo灾zai乃nai作zuo。强qiang自zi取qu柱zhu，柔rou自zi取qu束shu。邪xie秽hui在zai身shen，怨yuan之zhi所suo构gou。施shi薪xin若ruo一yi，火huo就jiu燥zao也ye，平ping地di若ruo一yi，水shui就jiu湿shi也ye。草cao木mu畴chou生sheng，禽qin兽shou群qun焉yan，物wu各ge从cong其qi类lei也ye。是shi故gu质zhi的de张zhang，而er弓gong矢shi至zhi焉yan；林lin木mu茂mao，而er斧fu斤jin至zhi焉yan；树shu成cheng荫yin，而er众zhong鸟niao息xi焉yan。醯xi酸suan，而er蚋rui聚ju焉yan。故gu言yan有you招zhao祸huo也ye，行xing有you招zhao辱ru也ye，君jun子zi慎shen其qi所suo立li乎hu！积ji土tu成cheng山shan，风feng雨yu兴xing焉yan；积ji水shui成cheng渊yuan，蛟jiao龙long生sheng焉yan；积ji善shan成cheng德de，而er神shen明ming自zi得de，圣sheng心xin备bei焉yan。故gu不bu积ji跬kui步bu，无wu以yi至zhi千qian里li；不bu积ji小xiao流liu，无wu以yi成cheng江jiang海hai。骐qi骥ji一yi跃yue，不bu能neng十shi步bu；驽nu马ma十shi驾jia，功gong在zai不bu舍she。锲qie而er舍she之zhi，朽xiu木mu不bu折zhe；锲qie而er不bu舍she，金jin石shi可ke镂lou。蚓yin无wu爪zhua牙ya之zhi利li，筋jin骨gu之zhi强qiang，上shang食shi埃ai土tu，下xia饮yin黄huang泉quan，用yong心xin一yi也ye。蟹xie六liu跪gui而er二er螯ao，非fei蛇she鳝shan之zhi穴xue无wu可ke寄ji托tuo者zhe，用yong心xin躁zao也ye。是shi故gu无wu冥ming冥ming之zhi志zhi者zhe，无wu昭zhao昭zhao之zhi明ming；无wu惛hun惛hun之zhi事shi者zhe，无wu赫he赫he之zhi功gong。行xing衢qu道dao者zhe不bu至zhi，事shi两liang君jun者zhe不bu容rong。目mu不bu能neng两liang视shi而er明ming，耳er不bu能neng两liang听ting而er聪cong。螣teng蛇she无wu足zu而er飞fei，鼫shi鼠shu五wu技ji而er穷qiong。《诗shi》曰yue：“尸shi鸠jiu在zai桑sang，其qi子zi七qi兮xi。淑shu人ren君jun子zi，其qi仪yi一yi兮xi。其qi仪yi一yi兮xi，心xin如ru结jie兮xi！”故gu君jun子zi结jie于yu一yi也ye。昔xi者zhe瓠hu巴ba鼓gu瑟se，而er流liu鱼yu出chu听ting；伯bo牙ya鼓gu琴qin，而er六liu马ma仰yang秣mo。故gu声sheng无wu小xiao而er不bu闻wen，行xing无wu隐yin而er不bu形xing。玉yu在zai山shan而er草cao木mu润run，渊yuan生sheng珠zhu而er崖ya不bu枯ku。为wei善shan不bu积ji邪xie？安an有you不bu闻wen者zhe乎hu？学xue恶e乎hu始shi？恶e乎hu终zhong？曰yue：其qi数shu则ze始shi乎hu诵song经jing，终zhong乎hu读du礼li；其qi义yi则ze始shi乎hu为wei士shi，终zhong乎hu为wei圣sheng人ren，真zhen积ji力li久jiu则ze入ru，学xue至zhi乎hu没mei而er后hou止zhi也ye。故gu学xue数shu有you终zhong，若ruo其qi义yi则ze不bu可ke须xu臾yu舍she也ye。为wei之zhi，人ren也ye；舍she之zhi，禽qin兽shou也ye。故gu书shu者zhe，政zheng事shi之zhi纪ji也ye；诗shi者zhe，中zhong声sheng之zhi所suo止zhi也ye；礼li者zhe，法fa之zhi大da分fen，类lei之zhi纲gang纪ji也ye。故gu学xue至zhi乎hu礼li而er止zhi矣yi。夫fu是shi之zhi谓wei道dao德de之zhi极ji。礼li之zhi敬jing文wen也ye，乐le之zhi中zhong和he也ye，诗shi书shu之zhi博bo也ye，春chun秋qiu之zhi微wei也ye，在zai天tian地di之zhi间jian者zhe毕bi矣yi。君jun子zi之zhi学xue也ye，入ru乎hu耳er，着zhuo乎hu心xin，布bu乎hu四si体ti，形xing乎hu动dong静jing。端duan而er言yan，蝡ruan而er动dong，一yi可ke以yi为wei法fa则ze。小xiao人ren之zhi学xue也ye，入ru乎hu耳er，出chu乎hu口kou；口kou耳er之zhi间jian，则ze四si寸cun耳er，曷he足zu以yi美mei七qi尺chi之zhi躯qu哉zai！古gu之zhi学xue者zhe为wei己ji，今jin之zhi学xue者zhe为wei人ren。君jun子zi之zhi学xue也ye，以yi美mei其qi身shen；小xiao人ren之zhi学xue也ye，以yi为wei禽qin犊du。故gu不bu问wen而er告gao谓wei之zhi傲ao，问wen一yi而er告gao二er谓wei之zhi囋zan。傲ao、非fei也ye，囋zan、非fei也ye；君jun子zi如ru向xiang矣yi。学xue莫mo便bian乎hu近jin其qi人ren。礼li乐le法fa而er不bu说shuo，诗shi书shu故gu而er不bu切qie，春chun秋qiu约yue而er不bu速su。方fang其qi人ren之zhi习xi君jun子zi之zhi说shuo，则ze尊zun以yi遍bian矣yi，周zhou于yu世shi矣yi。故gu曰yue：学xue莫mo便bian乎hu近jin其qi人ren。学xue之zhi经jing莫mo速su乎hu好hao其qi人ren，隆long礼li次ci之zhi。上shang不bu能neng好hao其qi人ren，下xia不bu能neng隆long礼li，安an特te将jiang学xue杂za识shi志zhi，顺shun诗shi书shu而er已yi耳er。则ze末mo世shi穷qiong年nian，不bu免mian为wei陋lou儒ru而er已yi。将jiang原yuan先xian王wang，本ben仁ren义yi，则ze礼li正zheng其qi经jing纬wei蹊qi径jing也ye。若ruo挈qie裘qiu领ling，诎qu五wu指zhi而er顿dun之zhi，顺shun者zhe不bu可ke胜sheng数shu也ye。不bu道dao礼li宪xian，以yi诗shi书shu为wei之zhi，譬pi之zhi犹you以yi指zhi测ce河he也ye，以yi戈ge舂chong黍shu也ye，以yi锥zhui餐can壶hu也ye，不bu可ke以yi得de之zhi矣yi。故gu隆long礼li，虽sui未wei明ming，法fa士shi也ye；不bu隆long礼li，虽sui察cha辩bian，散san儒ru也ye。问wen楛ku者zhe，勿wu告gao也ye；告gao楛ku者zhe，勿wu问wen也ye；说shuo楛ku者zhe，勿wu听ting也ye。有you争zheng气qi者zhe，勿wu与yu辩bian也ye。故gu必bi由you其qi道dao至zhi，然ran后hou接jie之zhi；非fei其qi道dao则ze避bi之zhi。故gu礼li恭gong，而er后hou可ke与yu言yan道dao之zhi方fang；辞ci顺shun，而er后hou可ke与yu言yan道dao之zhi理li；色se从cong而er后hou可ke与yu言yan道dao之zhi致zhi。故gu未wei可ke与yu言yan而er言yan，谓wei之zhi傲ao；可ke与yu言yan而er不bu言yan，谓wei之zhi隐yin；不bu观guan气qi色se而er言yan，谓wei瞽gu。故gu君jun子zi不bu傲ao、不bu隐yin、不bu瞽gu，谨jin顺shun其qi身shen。诗shi曰yue：“匪fei交jiao匪fei舒shu，天tian子zi所suo予yu。”此ci之zhi谓wei也ye。百bai发fa失shi一yi，不bu足zu谓wei善shan射she；千qian里li蹞kui步bu不bu至zhi，不bu足zu谓wei善shan御yu；伦lun类lei不bu通tong，仁ren义yi不bu一yi，不bu足zu谓wei善shan学xue。学xue也ye者zhe，固gu学xue一yi之zhi也ye。一yi出chu焉yan，一yi入ru焉yan，涂tu巷xiang之zhi人ren也ye；其qi善shan者zhe少shao，不bu善shan者zhe多duo，桀jie纣zhou盗dao跖zhi也ye；全quan之zhi尽jin之zhi，然ran后hou学xue者zhe也ye。君jun子zi知zhi夫fu不bu全quan不bu粹cui之zhi不bu足zu以yi为wei美mei也ye，故gu诵song数shu以yi贯guan之zhi，思si索suo以yi通tong之zhi，为wei其qi人ren以yi处chu之zhi，除chu其qi害hai者zhe以yi持chi养yang之zhi。使shi目mu非fei是shi无wu欲yu见jian也ye，使shi耳er非fei是shi无wu欲yu闻wen也ye，使shi口kou非fei是shi无wu欲yu言yan也ye，使shi心xin非fei是shi无wu欲yu虑lv也ye。及ji至zhi其qi致zhi好hao之zhi也ye，目mu好hao之zhi五wu色se，耳er好hao之zhi五wu声sheng，口kou好hao之zhi五wu味wei，心xin利li之zhi有you天tian下xia。是shi故gu权quan利li不bu能neng倾qing也ye，群qun众zhong不bu能neng移yi也ye，天tian下xia不bu能neng荡dang也ye。生sheng乎hu由you是shi，死si乎hu由you是shi，夫fu是shi之zhi谓wei德de操cao。德de操cao然ran后hou能neng定ding，能neng定ding然ran后hou能neng应ying。能neng定ding能neng应ying，夫fu是shi之zhi谓wei成cheng人ren。天tian见jian其qi明ming，地di见jian其qi光guang，君jun子zi贵gui其qi全quan也ye。

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