lock

• vt. 锁，锁上；隐藏
• vi. 锁；锁住；卡住
• n. 锁；水闸；刹车
• n. (Lock)人名；(英、丹、德、瑞典)洛克

词态变化

助记提示

中文词源

来自古英语loc,河坝，围栏，关闭，来自PIE*leug,弯，转，可能同PIE*lek,词源同leg,lizard.后引申词义锁。

来自古英语locc,卷曲，一绺头发，可能与lock（锁）为同一词源。

英文词源

lock

lock: [OE] English has two words lock. The one meaning ‘fastening mechanism’ goes back ultimately to a prehistoric Germanic *luk-or *lūk-, denoting ‘close’, which also produced German loch ‘hole’ and Swedish lock ‘lid’. Closely related are locker [15], etymologically a ‘box with a lock’, and locket [14], which was acquired from Old French locquet, a diminutive form of loc (which itself was a borrowing from Germanic *luk-). Lock ‘piece of hair’ goes back to a prehistoric Indo-European *lug-, which denoted ‘bending’. Its Germanic relatives include German locke, Dutch and Danish lok, and Swedish lock.

lock (n.1)

"means of fastening," Old English loc "bolt, fastening; barrier, enclosure," from Proto-Germanic *lukan (cognates: Old Norse lok "fastening, lock," Gothic usluks "opening," Old High German loh "dungeon," German Loch "opening, hole," Dutch luik "shutter, trapdoor"). "The great diversity of meaning in the Teut. words seems to indicate two or more independent but formally identical substantival formations from the root."

The Old English sense "barrier, enclosure" led to the specific meaning "barrier on a river" (c. 1300), and the more specific sense "gate and sluice system on a water channel used as a means of raising and lowering boats" (1570s). Wrestling sense is from c. 1600. Phrase under lock and key attested from early 14c.

lock (n.2)

"tress of hair," Old English locc "lock of hair, curl," from Proto-Germanic *lukkoz (cognates: Old Norse lokkr, Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Dutch lok, Old High German loc, German Locke "lock of hair"), from PIE *lugnos-, perhaps related to Greek lygos "pliant twig, withe," Lithuanian lugnas "flexible."

lock (v.)

"to fasten with a lock," c. 1300, from Old English lucan "to lock, to close" (class II strong verb; past tense leac, past participle locen), from the same root as lock (n.1). Cognate with Old Frisian luka "to close," Old Saxon lukan, Old High German luhhan, Old Norse luka, Gothic galukan. Meaning "to embrace closely" is from 1610s. Related: Locked; locking. Slang lock horns "fight" is from 1839.

双语例句

1. She shrugged a stray lock of hair out of her eyes.

她把一缕散发从眼前甩开。

来自柯林斯例句

2. He picked each lock deftly, and rifled the papers within each drawer.

他熟练地撬开每一把锁，把每个抽屉里的文件都偷走了。

来自柯林斯例句

3. That key will come in handy if you lock yourself out.

要是你把自己锁在了屋外，那把钥匙就派上用场了。

来自柯林斯例句

4. She eventually had to lock herself in the toilets to avoid him.

她最后只好把自己锁在厕所里来躲开他。

来自柯林斯例句

5. It was too late now for Blake to lock his room door.

这会儿布莱克再锁房门已太晚了。

来自柯林斯例句