include

英[ɪn'kluːd] 美[ɪn'klud]

反义词exclude

第三人称单数: includes;过去式: included;过去分词: included;现在分词: including;

include 包含

in-,进入，使，-clud,关闭，词源同conclude,close.引申词义包含。

include: include: [15] The idea of ‘shutting in’ or ‘enclosure’ is etymologically central to include – indeed, it is virtually the same word as enclose. It was borrowed from Latin inclūdere, a compound verb formed from the prefix in- and claudere ‘shut’ (source of English close). (A probable Vulgar Latin descendant of inclūdere was *inclaudere, which passed into Old French as enclore. English took over its past participle enclose as the verb enclose [14].) The metaphorical sense ‘comprise’ was already developing in classical Latin.
=> close, enclose
include (v.): c. 1400, from Latin includere "to shut in, enclose, imprison, insert," from in- "in" (see in- (2)) + claudere "to shut" (see close (v.)). The alleged Sam Goldwyn-ism, "Include me out," is attested from 1937. Related: Included; including.

1. The unemployed executives include former sales managers, directors and accountants.: 被解雇的管理人员包括前销售经理、主管和会计。

2. That programme will include live commentary on the England-Ireland game.: 那个节目将包括英格兰与爱尔兰比赛的实况报道。

3. Other amenities, less commonly available, include a library and exercise room.: 还有一些不太常有的设施，包括图书馆和健身房。

4. The President is expected to include this idea in his education plan.: 人们期望总统把这一意见列入他的教育计划当中。

5. The tour will include games against the Australian Barbarians.: 这次巡回赛将包括和澳大利亚野人队的比赛。